{"id":4773,"date":"2020-08-24T15:51:11","date_gmt":"2020-08-24T12:51:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/akademiye.org\/tr\/?p=4773"},"modified":"2020-08-24T15:51:11","modified_gmt":"2020-08-24T12:51:11","slug":"kumul-on-iki-makami-uzerine-bir-inceleme","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akademiye.org\/tr\/?p=4773","title":{"rendered":"Kumul On \u0130ki Makam\u0131 \u00fczerine bir inceleme"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Wusiman TUERDE<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00d6ZET<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Uygur T\u00fcrkleri, zengin ve k\u00f6kl\u00fc bir k\u00fclt\u00fcre sahip olmalar\u0131, merkez\u00ee bir co\u011frafyada ya\u015famalar\u0131 ve tarih\u00ee s\u00fcre\u00e7te \u015eamanizm, Totemizm gibi inan\u00e7 sistemlerini ve Maniheizm, Budizm, Nasturilik ve \u0130slamiyet gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli dinleri kabul etmeleri nedeniyle sosyo-k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ya\u015famlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan T\u00fcrk boylar\u0131 aras\u0131nda ayr\u0131 bir yere sahiptir. Bu zengin k\u00fclt\u00fcrel yap\u0131y\u0131 i\u00e7inde bar\u0131nd\u0131ran makam ve me\u015frepler ise farkl\u0131 kaynaklardan beslenerek g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar gelmi\u015ftir. Uygur On \u0130ki Makam\u0131, Uygurlar\u0131n hayat\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcm y\u00f6nlerini m\u00fczikli bir dille, geni\u015f boyutta ifade eden, Do\u011fu m\u00fczik tarihinin en \u00f6nemli eserlerinden biridir. Uygur On \u0130ki Makam\u0131 tarih boyunca Uygur halk\u0131n\u0131n manev\u00ee d\u00fcnyas\u0131na, sosyal hayat\u0131na ve psikolojisine sinmi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca sosyal hayatta edep ve ahlak \u00f6\u011freten, manev\u00ee kudreti ile halk\u0131n sosyal hayat\u0131n\u0131 zenginle\u015ftiren, mill\u00ee gururunu ifade eden, sanat huzurunu zenginle\u015ftiren bir role sahip olmu\u015ftur. Uygur On \u0130ki Makam\u0131 i\u00e7eri\u011fi, \u015fekli, \u00fcslubu, ger\u00e7ek\u00e7ili\u011fi, etkisi ve \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnden itibar kazanm\u0131\u015f \u00f6nemli bir eserdir. Uygur On \u0130ki Makam\u0131 ku\u015faktan ku\u015fa\u011fa aktar\u0131lan halk \u015fiirleri, destanlar, halk hik\u00e2yeleri, L\u00fctf\u00ee, Nevay\u00ee, Kalender gibi me\u015fhur klasik \u015fairlerin eserlerinden se\u00e7ilmi\u015f \u015fiirlerden te\u015fekk\u00fcl etmektedir. Daha \u00f6nce halk aras\u0131nda ku\u015faktan ku\u015fa\u011fa aktar\u0131lan makam m\u00fczikleri, 16. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Yarkent Hanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Sultan\u0131 Abdure\u015fit Han\u2019\u0131n e\u015fi Amannisahan\u2019\u0131n m\u00fczisyenleri bir arada toplayarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi sistemli derleme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 sonucunda kendi i\u00e7erisinde b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fck olu\u015fturan bir m\u00fczik sistemi h\u00e2line getirilmi\u015f ve g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar devam etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Uygur makamlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde m\u00fchim bir yere sahip olan Kumul On \u0130ki Makam\u0131 ise ezgi ve m\u00fczik aletleri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden Uygur On \u0130ki Makam\u0131 ile benzerlik arz ederken i\u00e7erik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ayr\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada temelde Kumul On \u0130ki Makam\u0131 ve \u00f6zelliklerini konu almaktad\u0131r. Ancak bu makamlar\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve icra edildi\u011fi Kumul\u2019un tarihi, co\u011frafyas\u0131, demografik yap\u0131s\u0131, Kumuldaki insanlar\u0131n sosyal hayat\u0131, e\u011fitimine de yer verilmi\u015ftir. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n Birinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde makam kavram\u0131, Uygur On \u0130ki Makam\u0131 ve \u00f6zelli\u011fi, Uygur On \u0130ki Makam\u0131n\u0131n icras\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan \u00e7alg\u0131lar hakk\u0131nda detayl\u0131 bilgiler verilmi\u015ftir. \u0130kinci b\u00f6l\u00fcmde; Kumul makamlar\u0131n\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131, makamlar\u0131n isimleri, Kumul makam\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan \u00e7alg\u0131lar, Kumul makamlar\u0131n\u0131n icrac\u0131lar\u0131, Kumul makamlar\u0131n\u0131n icra ortamlar\u0131ndan bahsedilmi\u015ftir. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc b\u00f6l\u00fcm de ise, Kumul On \u0130ki Makam\u0131 ile halk destanlar\u0131n\u0131n ve halk \u015fiirinin ili\u015fkisi \u00fczerinde durulmu\u015ftur. D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc b\u00f6l\u00fcmde Kumul makam\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye T\u00fcrk\u00e7esine aktar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f metnine ve transkripsiyonlu metnine yer verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Anahtar Kelimeler:<\/span><\/strong> Uygur, On iki Makam, Kumul Makamlar\u0131, \u00c7alg\u0131.<\/p>\n

Makalenin tamam\u0131na eri\u015fmek i\u00e7in l\u00fctfen linki t\u0131klay\u0131n: KUMUL ON \u0130K\u0130 MAKAMI \u00dcZER\u0130NE B\u0130R \u0130NCELEME<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Wusiman TUERDE \u00d6ZET Uygur T\u00fcrkleri, zengin ve k\u00f6kl\u00fc bir k\u00fclt\u00fcre sahip olmalar\u0131, merkez\u00ee bir co\u011frafyada ya\u015famalar\u0131 ve tarih\u00ee s\u00fcre\u00e7te \u015eamanizm, Totemizm gibi inan\u00e7 sistemlerini ve Maniheizm, Budizm, Nasturilik ve \u0130slamiyet gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli dinleri kabul etmeleri nedeniyle sosyo-k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ya\u015famlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan T\u00fcrk boylar\u0131 aras\u0131nda ayr\u0131 bir yere sahiptir. Bu zengin k\u00fclt\u00fcrel yap\u0131y\u0131 i\u00e7inde bar\u0131nd\u0131ran makam ve me\u015frepler […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4773","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uygur-tarihi-ve-kulturu"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/akademiye.org\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4773","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/akademiye.org\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/akademiye.org\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akademiye.org\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akademiye.org\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4773"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/akademiye.org\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4773\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4776,"href":"https:\/\/akademiye.org\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4773\/revisions\/4776"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/akademiye.org\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4773"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akademiye.org\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4773"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akademiye.org\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4773"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}